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Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star

Twinkle,
Twinkle, Little Star
 is a popular
English 
lullaby. The lyrics are from an
early-19th-century English poem by 
Jane Taylor, The Star. The poem, which is in couplet form, was first published in 1806 in Rhymes
for the Nursery
, a collection of poems by
Taylor and her sister 
Ann. It is sung
to the tune of the 
French melody Ah!
vous dirai-je, maman
, which was published in
1761 and later arranged by several composers including 
Mozart with Twelve Variations on "Ah vous
dirai-je, Maman". The English lyrics have
five 
stanzas, although only the first
is widely known. It has a 
Roud Folk Song Index number of 7666. This song is usually performed in the key
of 
C major.
The
song is in
the public domain, and has many
adaptations around the world.

Origins
The
English lyrics were first written as a poem by 
Jane Taylor (1783–1824) and published with the title "The
Star" in Rhymes for the Nursery by Jane and her
sister 
Ann Taylor (1782–1866) in
London in 1806:

Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are,

Up above the world so high,

Like a diamond in the sky,
Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are.





When this blazing sun is gone,

When he nothing shines upon,

Then you show your little light,

Twinkle, twinkle through the night,
Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are.





Then the traveller in the dark,

Thanks you for your tiny spark,

He could not see where go,

If you did not twinkle so,
Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are.





In the dark blue sky you keep,

And through my curtains you peep,

For you never shut your eye,

Till the sun is in the sky,
Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are.





Your bright and tiny spark,

Lights the traveller in the dark,

Though I know not what you are,

Twinkle, twinkle little star,
Twinkle, twinkle little star,

How I wonder what you are.




The
lyrics from "The Star" were first published with the tune in The
Singing Master: First Class Tune Book
 in 1838. Although before,
when it was just a folk song, there were only 4 verses

Score
The
lyrics of the song are the text of the poem, with the first two lines of the
entire poem repeated as
a refrain after
each stanza. For instance, the first stanza of the lyrics is:
Twinkle, twinkle,
little star,

How I wonder what you are!

Up above the world so high,

Like a diamond in the sky.

Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are!
The
first stanza of the song is typically as written, but further stanzas typically
contain minor variations.

Other text versions

Additional
variations exist such as from 1896 in Song Stories for the Kindergarten
 by Mildred J.
Hill.
Twinkle, twinkle,
little star,

How we wonder what you are.

Up above the world so high,

Like a diamond in the sky.



When the glorious sun has set,

And the grass with dew is wet,

Then you show your little light,

Twinkle, twinkle, all the night.



When the golden sun doth rise,

Fills with shining light the skies,

Then you fade away from sight,

Shine no more 'till comes the night.

parody of "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" titled "Twinkle,
Twinkle, Little Bat" is recited by the Mad
Hatter in chapter seven of Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
An
adaptation of the song, named "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Earth", was
written by 
Charles Randolph Grean, Fred Hertz and Leonard
Nimoy. It is included on Nimoy's first 1967
album 
Leonard Nimoy Presents
Mr. Spock's Music from Outer Space
, with him
reciting the text as 
Spock explaining
how the 
star-people wish upon an earthand so forth.
As
of April 2019, a version of the song uploaded to YouTube by the channel
"Super Simple Songs - Kids Songs" has received over 1.1 billion
views.
A
version using synonyms from 
Roget's Thesaurus exists.
The
song can also be played as a 
singing game.


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